Cov Lo ltxiv Tsawg tshaj plaws nyob hauv Kev Tsim Kho Tshuab Ntim Hluav Taws Xob Thiab Kev Ua Siab Tsis Tau

Thaum xyuas kom meej meej txog qhov sib xws ntawm lub ntim hauv plhaub kom tsoom tawm kev puas tsuaj rau lub tog

Txhwhy qhov sib txawv ntawm plhaub tsis tshwm sim rau kev tso tawm ntawm cov duab nyiag nyiag hauv qhov chaw loj dua ntawm cov khoom nqus

Thaum cov kab ntse noj hauv qhov chaw tsim kho tsi muaj qhov loj sib npaug, kev sov ntxoov yuav dhau los ntawm qhov chaw ib leeg. Cov ntsiab lus uas muaj qhov thickness dua yuav xav tau sijhawm ntev dua kom pom tias nws tuag dua li cov uas muaj kab ntse nyiag. Qhov txiaj ntsig no ntawm kev sov ntxoov tsis sib xws yuav tshwm sim li cov cim uas peb hu ua sink marks—ntsuas yog cov kab ntsaws le le ntawm saub hauv qab uas duv plastic yuav ruaj khov tom qab sov ntxoov. Txog tam sim no, kev kawm ntawv qhia ntawm kev vlawv ntawm polymer los ntawm 2023, qhov chaw uas qhov thickness ntawm kab ntse rov cuav dua ob zaus qhov chaw ntxiv yuav muaj feem ntau rau ob pliag sib npaug ntawm kev tshwm sim cov cim no. Cov neeg tsim kho tshaj tawg muaj teeb meem nrog rau cov ribs lossis bosses uas muaj qhov loj thiab raug xa mus rau cov kab ntse nyiag vim tias cov ntsiab lus no yuav tso cai rau kev sov ntxoov ntev dua li 40% ntxiv, uas tshab tau tias yuav tshwm sim cov mob. No yog qee yam uas cov neeg tsim kho yuav tsum saib xyuas ntau thaum tsim kho qhov chaw rau kev tsim kho loj.

Yuav li cas qhov thickness ntawm kab ntse hlo sib txawv yuav tshwm sim kev warping vim kev sov ntxoov tsis sib xws

Cov khoom siv tsau tsis zoo feem ntau yog vim muaj kev txhawb txog tsis zoo hauv chav, thaum cov chav sib txawv ntawm ib qhov khoom siv nguas tshav kub nyob hauv qhov sib txawv. thaum cov kab tuab me me dua, lawv feem ntau nguas tshav kub los ntawm ib sab rau ob sab dua li cov ntsiab lus loj nyob ze. qhov no tsim kev sib txawv tsis zoo hauv qhov chaw uas tso cai rau nws tawm rau daim duab, ntxoov mus rau qhov chaw me me. raws li ib tug neeg tshuaj xyuas tshwj xeeb xa tseg hauv xyoo 2024, nyob rau saum ob thirds ntawm tag nrho cov khoom tsau tsis zoo uas muaj los ntawm cov khoom siv uas cov kab tuab sib txawv ntau dua li 25%. ib co kev kawm computer kuj tau pom ib yam tiag tiag zoo tshaj plaws - ib txiaj khib twg tsawg dua li ib ncig tsib dua plaub hli ntawm qhov sib txawv nyob rau hauv qhov sib txawv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem tsau tsis zoo nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv zoo li ABS plastic thiab polypropylene. cov pom zoo no sau tias vim li cas kheej kheej cov kab tuab zoo ib yam yuav tsum muaj nyob hauv tag nrho kev tsim khoom.

Cov kev ua zoo tshaj plaws rau cov kab tuab zoo ib yam hauv kev tsim kho form injection

• Txhawb dej thiab duab nrog qhov hnyuj tshaj tshwv tsis txhob siab dua 1.5:1 rau tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv
• Siv kev teeb dej uas muaj kev hloov chaw (40°–60°) thaum hnyuj tshaj hloov
• Txhawb cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj zog siab hauv 30% ntawm qhov hnyuj tshaj tshwv
• Tsoj xyuas cov kev kho tshuab los ntawm kev siv software mold flow analysis ua vor tooling

Cov kev kho tshuab uas muaj qhov hnyuj tshaj tshwv zoo ib yam tuaj yeem sau nyiag 15–22% thiab pab tso zog tshaj rau kev tsim tshuab, raws li cov kev sim hauv automotive mold trials.

Daim ntawv xyaum: Kev kho dua ib qhov tshuab automotive uas muaj qhov hnyuj tshaj tshwv kom tshem tawm cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj qhov ntxoog

Kev tsim tawm ntawm qhov chaw ntxuav hauv xeem muaj cov nplhaib nkhaus nyob rau sab nraum npoo 4mm tom qab 1.5mm, uas tsim tau cov ntsiab lus nyuaj rau hauv kev tsim kho. Thaum xav daws tej yav no, lub chaw tsim kho tau siv kev rov qab los ntawm 4mm mus rau 3mm, tom qab ntawd 2mm ua ntej pib mus rau 1.5mm. Lawv kuj tau muab tso cua sov rau sab nraum npoo ntawm qhov chaw loj dua. Txoj kev no tau txo cov ntsiab lus hlawm tau li 92% raws li kev sim tshawb nrhiav. Kev tsim kho kuj zoo dua, tso siab dua li 18% vim tias kev sov ntxuav tau zoo dua thaum tam sim no vim cov npoo muaj qhov loj sib npaug.

Keem kom zoo dua qhov chaw sau hlau thiab qhov chaw tso rau kev pib siv khoom

Yuav li cas qhov chaw tso sau hlau txeeb ntau rau kev pib siv khoom thiab kev sov ntxuav

Kev txiav txim siab ntawm qhov kho rau kev tshuam xwm nrog kev faib khoom thiab kev daws teeb meem kub. Sauv qhov kho nyob rau qhov chaw muaj dej ntau tuaj yeem pab suab ntxhiab mus rau ib leeg, kom tsis muaj av hla, thiab pab sau ntau dua. Ib qhov kev sim tawm los ntawm ib qho kev sim hais tias cov qhov kho tau sau rawb zoo tuaj yeem txo cov teeb meem uas muaj feem cuam rau kev sib poob kub los ntawm 18% kom compared to edge-gated configurations.

Kev tso av tawg los ntawm kev tsim kho qhov kho thiab kev sau ntau

Thaum cov qhov muab khoom yog qhast siab thiab tus nqi tso khoom rov cuav, peb tau txais qhov kev nyuaj siab uas hu ua 'jetting'. Txawj li, cov khoom sib thooj tshuaj tshwm sim los ntawm qhov chaw tso khoom ib txwm tshwm sim raws li dej ploj tawm ntawm qhov muab dej. Raws li cov duab uas txhua tus neej hu xeeb rau, qhov teeb meem yuav tshwm sim thaum cov khoom sib thooj tshuaj tshwm sim ntau dua li 0.5 meters ib feeb hauv ib feeb hauv qhov muab khoom uas tsawg dua li 1.5 millimeters. Thiaj kom kho qhov teeb meem no, ntau lub tsev tsim khoom pom tias yuav tsum txhim kho qhov chaw muab khoom ntev dua—ntev dua li 30% mus rau 50% yog qhov tsim nyog. Ib co tus neeg kuj hloov mus siv qhov muab khoom sib txawv, uas pab saib xyuas kev tshwm sim zoo dua. Thiab tsis txhob saib hauv qab kom sov dua tus nqi tso khoom dhau los ntawm qhov pib ntawm kev tsim khoom.

Txhim kho Qhov Chaw Muab Khoom Los ntawm Qhov Chaw Muab Khoom Zoo Tshaj Plaws thiab Qhov Chaw

Cov qhov chaw nruj hauv tshuab xwm fab, zoo li cov rooj khaub ncaws thiab cashew, tso caij nqij tsawg dua li cov rooj tog raj. Kev txiav mus rau cov rooj chaw ntawm cov khoom siv zog mus rau cov kab ntsug hauv nruas tau txo cov khoom plam los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nruj siab los ntawm 73% nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv meej em, zoo li muaj hauv ib dab neeg pab kho .

Txo Cov Tos Kawm Los ntawm Kev Pab Txhim Khoom Txaus Siab Nyob rau Hauv Qhov Chaw Kawm

Thaum cov tos kawm tsim tshwm los ntawm qhov chaw flow pib mchuj mus li 120 degrees lossis ntau dua, lawv feem ntau yuav cuam tshwv siab tshaj plaws rau lub khoom. Cov neeg tsim tshuab tau pom tias siv cov rooj kawm ntau thiab muab cov thawj kawm thiab tshuab kawm txaus siab raug rau hauv cov rooj kawm tuaj yeem pab nyog siab tshaj 40% raws li cov kev sim ASTM D638 uas txhua tus neeg hu. Tam sim no, ntau qhov chaw tsim khoom siv tshuab kompaiv xws li pa nyob ze rau kev pom qhov chaw flow pib tuaj yeem tig tawm ib leeg. Cov software pab lawv txiav txim siab qhov chaw rooj kawm kom txo qhov chaw muaj teeb meem nyob rau hauv kev tsim khoom.

Kev tsim kho tshuab sib txawv rau kev muaj nuj nqis nyob rau qhov ceev

Qhov chaw tsis muaj zog los ntawm kev sib txawv tsis zoo: Qhov xav tau ntawm kev tso kho tsis zoo

Thiab chaws txhaj tshuab tsis zoo, nws tuaj yeem tsim tau qhov kawm txiav txim sijhawm uas dhau 25 degrees Fahrenheit (ntsuas ib puag ncig 14 degrees Celsius). Siv cov kev xam neeg los ntawm Plastics Today haj 2023, qhov kev tsis sib xws no nyob ze rau saum npaub ntawm cov teeb meem tso tseg uas pom tawm hauv cov khoom siv. Teeb meem no yuav raug dua thaum muaj rau cov duab ntau thiab cov khoom uas muaj kab ntsug sib txawv. Cov khaub ncaws kho tsha tsha tshiab feem ntau tshwm sim cov cheeb tsam kawg nyob qhov twg peb tsis xav tau. Cov kev simulation computer pom tias: cov khaub ncaws txhaj tshuab conformal uas tsim tshiab hauv 3D kom raug rau daim duab ntawm khoom tuaj yeem faib qhov kawm txiav txim sijhawm los ntawm 40 mus rau 60% kom ntxiv rau qhov tsha tsha tshiab. Thiab muaj ib qho phiaj lwm tseem tau. Cov chaws txhaj tshuab tshiab no pab rau cov neeg tsim khoom ruaj khov ruaj tseg, faib sijhawm tsim khoom los ntawm 30% hauv cov ua haujlwm zoo li ua tshuab tshuab thiab ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, yog li tsuas yog txeem tshuab txhaj tshuab hauv ib qhov kawm txiav txim sijhawm ncog ncav ntawm ib nrab lossis tsawg dua 5 degrees Fahrenheit (lossis ib puag ncig 2.8 degrees Celsius).

Txhawm rau kom tau kub sib npaug nrog kev tso deb thiab kev txhim kho hluv tshuab

Cov kev txwm nyem tseem ceeb yog:

• Tso hluv tshuab nyob hauv 15–20mm ntawm saum npoo ntawm qhov muag kom kub dhau zoo tshaj
• Siv cov tsim hluv tshuab ntau yam uas muaj kev tso hluv tshuab raug tshawb xyuas raws li daim duab ntawm chav
• Kev xa cov cuab yeej beryllium copper rau qhov chaw kub tshaj kom kub sov dua 25–35%

Cov thermocouples nyob rau qhov chaw tshwm sim tuaj yeem pab kho kev kub nyuj nyuj, txo qhov muag poob los ntawm 18% rau cov khoom siv hluv tshuab.

Tus nqi tshawb nrhiav: cov lus tshawb nrhiav pom tias kev kub sov zoo tshaj tuaj yeem txo 40% thaum siv

Peb tshawb nrhiav hmo ntawd rau cov khoom siv hluv tshuab tshwj tsis tau 40% ntev dua thiab ±0.02mm zoo ib yam sib npaug nrog kev siv conformal cooling thiab copper-alloy inserts. Cov kev xa tso zoo tshaj no tuaj yeem tswj kub ntawm qhov muag hauv ±2.8°C thaum 72-hlwb sib tham.

Tswj xyuas kom muaj kev tso taws txaus kom tshem tawm cov av nyiag thiab cov xim tsis zoo

Cov taws txaus thiab av nyiag tshwm sim los ntawm av nyiag hauv cov muag tshwj tsis

Thaum kawg ncav nyob hauv qhov tsim kho tshuab hluas tshuab hluas thaum tsim kho, nws tsim tau cov av tso tseg uas peb txhua tus paub zoo li cas – cov chaw tsis muaj ntawd uas tshwm sim rau ib cheeb meej ntawm cov khoom siv tshuab siv sijhawm. Txhawm rau kho tshuab kho tshuab siv sijhawm los ntawm kab lus kho tshuab siv sijhawm xyoo no, nws tshwm sim rau 24% ntawm cov khoom siv tshuab siv sijhawm. Teeb meem no tshwm deb heev nrog rau cov duab ntau yam uas muaj cov tog rog lossis cov rooj hlau ua ke, feem ntau tsim tau cov av tso tseg leeg uas av nyob ib leeg. Thiab thaum siv cov neeg ciaj neeg hneb npab tshiab xws li ABS lossis polycarbonate, yuav nyuaj dua. Thaum lub sijhawm hluas tshuab hluas tshwm deb dhau 120 mm ib sek, cov neeg tsim kho yuav pom teeb meem loj nyob hauv av tso tseg. Tam sim no feem ntau yog tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuab hluas tshuab hluas rau qhov kho tshuab hluas tshuab hluas, uas ntxiv sijhawm thiab ntxiv nqi rau qhov kev tsim kho tab sis yog ib yam tseem ceeb rau kev daws teeb meem.

Kho tshuab hluas tshuab hluas tsis txaus vim tshuaj tiv thaiv tshuab hluas tshuab hluas tsis txaus thiab qhov tsim kho tshuab hluas tshuab hluas ntau yam

Thiab tsis muaj qhov sib txig txaus, dundawb hlwb tshuab tso rau hauv qhov chaw ntxig uas muaj dej nkhaus hauv qhov chaw ntxig, uas tsim tau cov ntxig tsis txaus uas peb hu ua short shots. Kev xam neeg xyoo npog tau qhia tias muaj qee yam zoo li ntawd nyob hauv kev kho tshuab ntxig. Cov tshuab ntxig uas muaj thickness ratio siab dua 5 zuj kawg rau 1 feem ntau muaj mas 37% ntau dua nyob rau hauv keev xwm txheej short shot yog tias cov qhov sib txig luv dua 0.03 millimeters. Qhov keev xwm txheej no tuaj yeem nyuaj dua nrog cov khoom siv zog siab zoo li nylon 6/6. Cov khoom no ploj tsoom teeb meem vim tias cov dej nkhaus uas tsha tseg tau tsim tau qhov zog rov qab nyob saum raj zaum 19 thiab 22 pounds per square inch. Qhov zog no feem ntau dhau qhov tshuab ntxig tsha tseg tuaj yeem pab nyob hauv qhov chaw tshuab ntxig.

Qhov ntev thiab qhov chaw recommended rau qhov sib txig nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm hom khoom

Qhov ntev thiab qhov chaw ntawm qhov sib txig zoo tshaj plaws txiav txim los ntawm qhov sib txig ntawm polymer:

The Polymer Processing Society's 2024 guidelines recommend tapering vent channels at 3° angles to balance air release and flash prevention. For multi-cavity molds, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations reduce trial iterations by 63% when optimizing vent layouts pre-production.

Tsis txhob muab chaw tshuab ntxiv thiab kev tsim kho sai ua ke

Cov teeb meem uas tuaj los ntawm kev xaiv chaw ntxiv tsis raug nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho tshuab ntxiv

Kev xaiv cov chaw tsis raug rau qhov parting lines yuav cuam tshwv rau cov kab ntsug ntawm plua plaub, cov duab ntxoos, thiab kev pheej hmoo nyob hauv kev tshuaj xyuas. Yog tias cov kab no mus txog rau cov cheeb tsam tseem ceeb xws li qhov chaw muaj seals lossis snap fits sib koom tes, yuav tsis yog ib yam li ib yam thiab lub khw muaj zog yuav nyuaj dua. Txhawm rau txheeb xyuas kom meej, raws li cov simulation computer tam sim no peb tau ua, nyob rau saum 2/3 ntawm cov teeb meem cosmetic tuaj yeem los ntawm cov parting lines uas ncaws mus rau ntawm cov features geometry tseem ceeb. Cov neeg tsim kho tshwj xeej xaiv cov chaw no nyob rau hauv qhov chaw npaj natural ntawm lub khw thiab tso nws tawm ntawm cov cheeb tsam uas muaj ntau zog lossis kev puas tsuaj. Kev ua no yuav txo qhov kev xav tau ua tom qab kev tsim kho, txo li 30% raws li cov ntaub ntawv industry piav los ntawm xyoo nplooj npaug txhua xyoo.

Cov lus qhia kev tsim kho ribs thiab bosses kom tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj thiab cov duab ntxoov ntxooj

Qhov muaj ribs ntau dua 60% ntawm qhov thickness ntawm sab nraud feem ntau ua rau muaj qhov sink marks, thaum qhov abrupt transitions nyob rau hauv qab boss cuaca rau stress concentrations. Cov kev ua tsov zoo tshaj plaws suav nrog:

• Sib txig rib height mus rau tsawg dua 3x qhov nominal wall thickness
• Siv 1–2° draft angles rau vertical features
• Xaiv bosses rau sab nraud nrog gradual fillets (tsawg kawg 25% ntawm boss diameter)

Radial gusset designs nyob zeem bosses txo warpage los ntawm 41% kom nruj qhov configurations uas tsis muaj kev pab, raws li cov kev xam txheeb hauv yam ntxwv. Cov lus qhia no pab rau kev sib dhos ntawm khoom thiab txo qhov loj ntawm khoom nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho injection mold.