Kev ploj tseg los ntawm kev sau kho tsis siv computer mus rau Computer Aided Design, lossis CAD tshaj tshuam, tau keeb kwm piv txwv li cas kev sau kho khaub ncaws tau raug tsim. Qhov uas yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov neeg tsim kho ntau hnub nyob hauv daim ntawv kho noj xaib tam sim no tuaj yeem ua raws li qhov chaw tsim 3D tau ua rau nyob ib cheem xwb. Qhov keeb kwm no tau ploj hauv xyoo 1980 thaum cov chaw tsim khoom tau pib siv cov 2D CAD systems. Cov ntaub ntawv tau hla tshaj hauv lub caij nplooj ntuj tshiab nrog cov kev tsim kho parametric tshiab. Tam sim no cov neeg tsim kho tuaj yeem hloov qhov chaw nkag thiab hloov qhov chaw sov kho tseem ceeb tsis tas sau dua tag nrho thaum lawv hloov li ib qhov chaw leej twg.
Pej qaum ob pej qaum tshiab tau muab cov ntaub ntawv rau hauv CAD:
Nyob hlis 2022, lub koom haum ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom tau pom tseeb tias kev siv CAD tau txo nyav rau kev tsim tawm nyav los ntawm 60% dhau los ntawm kev tsim nyav ntau. Hnub no, 92% ntawm cov neeg tsim khoob siv kev tsim tawm ntau tus rau kev xaiv cov chaw nqus tshuaj thiab cov chaw tso tshuaj los ntawm kev nruab automata (Plastics Technology Report 2023).
Cov ntaub ntawv hauv cheeb tsheb sau tias kev siv kauj ruam digital tuaj yeem txav tsis nyob rau qhov chaw sib txig sib to uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum siv mold los sim, txog li 78%. Tam sim no, cov CAD system siv ntau tshaj plaws tau siv cia nrog AI simulations uas tuaj yeem pom cov teeb meem hauv kev ploj nrog qhov accuracy zoo, feem ntau nyob rau hauv plus lossis minus 3%. Qhov tshwm sim yog: cov nuj nqaij siv rau mold tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tas mus li thaum ua tiav, txhawm tias rau cov ntu tseem ceeb uas siv hauv lub tshuab thiab khw kev kho mob. Thiab qhov kev nce tseem ceeb no muaj txiaj ntsig txaus siab rau hauv kev tshawb fawb. Nyob ib xyoo 2010, nws tau nyiag xyoo 14 rau cov neeg tsim khoom kom dhau los ntawm qhov kev tshawb fawb. Tam sim no, lawv pom tias cov chaw tshawb fawb tau finished tshaj li 5 xyoo. Qhov nce nyuaj no tau kev pab piv dua yam uas kev tshawb fawb tau ua haujlwm hauv ntau cheeb tsheb.
cov neeg tsim kho tshuab ntxig tshuab siv kev tshuaj xyuas parametric nyob rau hauv software CAD 3D los txheej xyuas qhov xwm yeem ntawm chaw ntxig thiab chaw sov nrog qhov ceev heev. kev tshuaj xyuas no txo qhov sai ntawm qhov ntev los ntawm 72% kom compared to 2D legacy methods (Plastics Engineering Journal 2023), thim siab rau kev sib koom tes zoo nkauj rau CNC machining workflows.
Cov algorithm tshuaj xyuas kev sib tsw tshuaj xyuas cov khoom siv tshuab ntxig muaj ntau yam khoom siv rau hauv feeb tsawg dhau los ntawm hnub. cov neeg tsim kho tshuab pab tshawb xyuas cov chaw lees, cov duab ntawm cov duab ntxig, thiab kev xaiv chaw nres tshuab ntxig rau hauv feeb tsawg dhau los ntawm hnub uas yav tas los tsuas yog tshuaj xyuas nrog tshuab ntxig phem.
Cov software simulation thim siab tuaj yeem tshuaj xyuas qhov thickness ntawm lub qhov rooj thiab qhov rooj saum npoo nyob rau hauv daim duab ntawm zan. kev tshawb nrhiav thim siab no pab tso qhov rooj sov dav dua li 1° threshold rau hauv cov khoom siv tshuab ntxig tshuab mob.
Ib chaw muag khoom loj tshaj plaws tau txo nqi kos npe tshuab rooj zaum los ntawm $840,000 txhua xyoo tom qab siv kev tshawb nrhiav los ntawm CAD. Lawv txoj kev sim ua ntej tau txo kev sib txwv hli siab los ntawm ±0.3mm mus rau ±0.08mm thaum twb tso caij ntxim siab cov ntoo yog Class A (Kev Tsoom Fab Xeev Ntawv 2024).
Cov kev sim kheej kheej tshawb nrhiav kev ua haujlwm ntawm polymer nyug los ntawm kev pib cavity, tshawb nrhiav kev pib ntawm melt thiab kev sib txawv ntawm kev nyuaj siab. Cov neeg tsim tshuab kos npe rooj zaum tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov chaw xa zog kom tsis txhob muaj av ruaj thiab tso kom cov khoom muaj peev xwm zoo ib yam. Cov kev txhim kho uas muaj kev sim cuam tshuam tau txo cov teeb meem uas muaj feem cuam rau kev nyuaj siab los ntawm 60% kom nce dua kev sim thiab tsis paub txog kev ua haujlwm (Materials and Design 2013).
Kev simulation virtual yog kev txheeb xyuas cov cuab yeej nrog rau kev tsim tawm ntawm chaw ntxuav thiab kev sib txawv ntawm kev sov dav hlwb, yog ib qhov tseem ceeb tiam sis tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb hauv cov khoom muaj seem npoo. Kev hloov pauv cov ntaub ntawv xws li kev ntxuav nuj nqi (85% ntawm kev ntxuav nuj nqi) thiab khib nyiab khib (40-45°C) tuaj yeem txo kev lag luam ntim hluas los 25% hauv kev siv khoom siv rau tsoom neeg, zoo li tau pom hauv kev kho mob zoo dua ntau yam.
Cov kab ntsug sov uas tsim tawm los ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab tuaj yeem pab tsim khib nyiab khib uas muaj teeb liab zoo ib yam, txo kev sov nyav los 30% thaum twb tiv thaiv kev poob siab los ntawm kev sov. Cov kev siv tam sim no pom tias kev txo nyav nyav los 22 feeb ib khoom hauv kev tsim kho ntau tshaj plaws rau cov khoom siv rau kev kho mob, tsis muaj kev txwv rau kev nce tshaj tawm.
Txoj cai tshuaj xam ntu ntawm kev kawm rau cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob tau txhais kom paub txog kev nyuaj siab hauv qhov chaw tsim thiab cov duab ntoo uas muaj duab nrog 92% ntawm qhov nyob zoo, pab tsim cov khoom uas muaj qhov thickness ntawm kab 0.2mm tag nrho thaum thawj zaug. Cov chaw no tau hloov mus siv cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev sim kawm nyob rau hauv qab tebchaws.
Thiab li ntawd simulation tuaj yeem tiv thaiv 70% ntawm cov nqaij tsham, tiam sis kev daws teeb meem feem ntau xav kom sim nyob hauv yam ntxoov ntxoo rau cov khoom siv rau kev kho mob uas xav tau ±0.01mm tolerance thiab cov duab ntoo uas muaj roj fiberglass ntxiv thiab muaj kev txiav txim siab nyob hauv qhov chaw. Ib tug survey rau xyoo 2024 pom tias cov neeg uas siv ob hom no tau ua haujlwm ntev dua li 40% ntau dua li cov uas tsuas siv simulation.
Kev sib thauj txoj caij nqi los ntawm 3D CAD cov duab thiab CAE kev lag luam tshem tawm kev ploij rau kev xa ntaub ntawv nyhuv. Cov neeg tsim khoom uas nyob qab twg los yog muaj 29% siab dua thaum siv cov ntaub ntawv muaj feem xyuas xws li STEP lossis Parasolid rau kev sib thauj cov duab tseemceeb. Qhov kev sib thauj no txhawj xeeb tias kev ceev kho tshuab hluav taws xob thiab qhov chaw nkag mus nyob ib txoj haujlwm hauv txhua qhov siab tshiab.
Nyob zoo, cov khaub ncaws tshaj tawb tau sres rau hauv kev pab nrog ntawm qhov CAD rau CAM thiab CAE simulation hauv ib qhov kev tsim nyiaj li cas. Txog thaum xyoo dhau los, cov chaw tsim khoom uas siv qhov kev sres rau no tau pom tias muaj txhua zaus 37 lub tshuab tso kom raug dua ntau tshaj qhov chaw uas tsis sres rau. Thaum peb hom tshuab tso kom raug qhov thickness, qhov kev lag luam yeej tso kom raug rau runner thiab cooling channel analysis, yog li tag nrho lwm yam tshuab tso kom raug tsis tas yuav tsum mus rau rau lawv.
Cov khaub tsho siv AI los sim kom pom qhov kho tawm uas xav tau thiab txiaj ntsim nyob hauv kev tsim kho. kev hloov cuag no pab tau rau kev hloov kho qhov chaw muab dej tso, lossis rooj pov ntawv hloov pauv hauv CAD, tsim kho cov duab tshuab uas tuaj li tuaj sawv cev. kev hloov kho qhov chaw sib poob yuav tsum siv cov ntaub ntawv los nrhiav qhov chaw sib poob sai sai dua.
Thiab twg ua leej neej nrog kev sim rau kev siv khoom co-simulation, cov neeg tsim kuv yuav tuaj yeem saib xyuas txog kev sib txuas ntawm duv, sau ntev rau kev tshuab tshav, thiab sau ntev rau kev sov tshav thaum twg hauv qhov software CAD. Ib qho chav tsim khoom loj tshaj plaws tau rov qab siv sijhawm tsim kho los li 22% tom qab lawv pib siv kev pom tus kheej ntawm kev sib thooj hauv mold uas tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nyob hauv real time. Qhov no pab rau lub tsev tsim kuv tau hloov qhov chaw tshuam sib thooj hauv virtual filling simulation. Qhov system no kuj pab nrhiav tau cov teeb meem thaum muaj tus neeg hloov qhov chaw tshuam sib thooj hauv daim duab, pom cov teeb meem uas muaj nyob hauv qhov chaw tshuam sib thooj lossis thaum qhov kev sib thooj tshuam siab dua li qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm. Cov lus nug no pab save tas li hauv kev npaj siv hauv kev tsim khoom.
Cov ntaub ntawv CAD tshwj tsis txhob lag luam tshem siab siv tau 30-50% rau kev tsim khoom ntau. Cov neeg tsim khoom rov sau cov qauv kho, cov chaw tso tawm, thiab cov kev caij rau kom noo rau hauv tsev neeg khoom, kom txo cov teeb meem uas yuav tsum ua dua dua. Qhov kev xaiv no pab rau ib lub tsev tsim khoom tshuaj tiv thaiv kom standard 80% ntawv cov ntaub ntawv tshwj tsis, kom txo kev tsim khoom tshiab los ntawm 14 mus rau 8 vcs.
Kev sim virtual tuaj yeem daws 90% ntawv cov teeb meem qauv ua ntej khiav rau kev tsim khoom. Cov chaw tsim khoom xyuas cov chaw sau nrog kev sim kabmob thiab sim kev tso tawm nrog kev surov rau hauv CAD. Ib lub tsev tsim khoom tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj peev xwm txo 65% ntawv kev sim tshiab nrog qhov kev xaiv digital twin no, kom txhim kho ntau dua rau kev tsim khoom connector.
Kev txheeb xyuas DFM ua ntej tuaj yeem tshem tawm 40% ntawm kev hloov kho cov cuab yeej los ntawm kev pom cov theej tsis nyob deb, cov ntim qhov loj me, thiab cov teeb meem khiav tawm hauv kev tsim. Cov chawj kawm CAD siv sijhawm tua tseg kev check cov angles thiab sau cov qhov cua kom muaj kev ruaj khov raws li cov ntaub ntawv tawm los. Kev txheeb xyuas hauv cheev leej qhia tias kev siv DFM tuaj yeem txo sijhawm tsim tshiab los li 20% mus rau 30%.
Cov chawj kawm CAD uas muaj algorithm tam sim no tuaj yeem txhim kho cov ntim roj thiab kev arrange cov cua cooling nyob rau hauv 2-3 teev thim sis thaum muaj kev tsim nyog feem ntau nyob rau hauv 3 hnub. Cov chawj kawm no hloov kho raws li kev hloov ntawm daim duab, nyob ib xwm thiab txo sijhawm tsim tshiab. Ib qho kev tsim tshiab hauv cheev leej tshuab tiv thaiv paub tau 22% ntau dua los ntawm AI tsim cov cua conformal uas tau raug txheeb xyuas hauv simulation.
Qhov kev tshuam khoom siv qhia muab ntxiv rau ib leeg tsim khoom muaj lub teb phem nyob rau hauv lawv cov xim npau ntawm kev tshuam khoom tshiab. Ntau tshaj plaub hlis ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom tau kawm tias cov neeg sau khoom xav tau kev pab cuam tshuam khoom sai dua li 30% ntau dua li feem ntau hauv xyoo 2020. Yuav kom pom zoo, saib rau kev tsim kho tshuam khoom rau cov khoom siv hauv tsev kho mob. Thaum cov chaw tsim khoom pib mus saib xyuas lwm txoj kev tsim kho (DFM) nyob rau thaum pib, lawv tuaj yeem tshem tawm ntau yam kev puas siab tom qab no. Nyob rau ib qho kev nyiam siab, cov neeg ua haujlwm tau txhim kho tag nrho qhov chaw tsim khoom tsis tiav ua ntej khiav tshuam khoom. Lawv tau txhim kho txog 92% ntawm qhov chaw tsim khoom tsis tiav tam sim no, uas tuaj yeem sauva nyiaj thiab lub sijhawm hauv cheeb jwm ntev.
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