Te Tūwāhi o te CAD me te Whakamātau i te Hoahoa Mātai Ineke Ā-Ngāwari

I te Tuhituhinga Ā-ringa ki te Tata reo Mati: Te Takotoranga o te Hoahoa Matapihi Kua Hōhonu

Te Neke mai i ngā Mahere Tuhipoka ā-Ringa ki te Tauānga 3D i te Hoahoa Matapihi Kua Hōhonu

I te neke atu i te tuhinga ā-ringa ki te Hoahoa Rorohiko, nō te mokowhiti anō rānei, i huri tōtika ai te ara e hoahoa ana i ngā pāpārau whakakī. Kua taea e ngā kaipūkenga te mahi i ētahi wiki ki ngā mahi matapakinga ki ngā mahere pepa, engari inaianei ka taea te mahi i roto i ētahi pirihimana kua te whai whakaahurutanga o ngā rorohiko tau-āhuatia. I tīmata te huringa i ngā waru tekau-tau ka noho aha ngā kamupene ki ngā punaha CAD 2D matotoru. Ka piki ake te tere i te mutunga o te rautau ki te tata ki ngā tikanga hou o te tauira whakarerekētanga. Inaianei ka taea e ngā kaihoahoa te whakarerekē i ngā tūranga karu whakauru me te whakarerekē i ngā ara whakamaroke tonu, kāore he mea hou hei tuhi anō ia wā ka rerekētia ētahi iti.

Ngā Wā Tūmatanui i te Whakamahi a CAD mō te Whanaketanga Pāpārau Whakakī

I ētahi whakapai ake e toru i huri ai te mana a CAD:

• 1995: Te whakauru i ngā algoriti whakawā whakakīa kia ārai i ngā hapa hononga
• 2008: Te hono a CAD ki te tātai ira mutunga (FEA) mō te whakauru whakaritenga
• 2016: Te whai wāhi ki te anga whatunga hei āwhina i ngā arotake hoahoa mōmenta-mōmenta mō ngā tīma o te ao

I tētahi rangahau 2022 e te Hui o ngā Mātai Hangarau Whakaputa, i kitea ko te whakamahi CAD i iti ai te wā hoahoa umanga 60% nui ake i ngā tikanga ā-ringa. I nāianei, ko te 92% o ngā kaiwhakaputa pāpāhuānga e whakamahi ana i te tauira maha-tinana hei wehe i ngā turuturu me ngā rūmau ki te karuaki (Pūrongo Aratohu Kōhatu 2023).

Te Pānga o te Huringa Matihiko ki te Uārite me te Marolekotanga ki te Hoahoa Pāpāhuānga

Ko ngā raraunga a te ahumahi e whakaatu ana ko ngā mahi matihiko e iti ana i ngā hapa āhuahanga i te wā o ngā whakamātau mōhini, e te 78% nek minita. I ēnei rā, ko te nuinga o ngā punaha CAD e mahi tahi ana me ngā whakaturanga AI e tino taea ai te kite i ngā raru ki te kawe, arataki ki te 3% nek minita. Ko te putanga? Ko ngā hoahoa mōhini e mahi tika ana i te tuatahi, ā, koia anō ngā wāhanga herenga hoki mō ngā motukā me ngā taputapu hauora. Ā, ko tēnei rahi o te pono e whai whakaaro nui ana ki ngā wāhi. I te tau 2010, i takes nga kaiwhakanao i te wā roa o te 14 wiki kia mutu te prosihia whanaketanga. Inaianei, ka kitea e ratou i te mutunga o ngā kaupapa mahi i te 5 wiki anake. Ko te tere penei e huri haere nei i te ara e whai ana ngā kamupene ki te whanaketanga hua i runga i ētahi atu ahumahi.

Te Whiwhi i te Pono Matotoru o te Hoahoa me te Aukati i ngā Hapa mā ngā Taputapu CAD

Te Tauira Core me te Cavity mā te Whakamahi i te 3D CAD Matua mō te Āhuahanga Tika

Ka whai ngā kaiwhakauru matua hou i te tauira pāramita ki te pūnaha CAD 3D hei whiwhi i te pono o te rahi ki te taumira micron i ngā āhuatanga core/cavity. Ka heke te hapa o te rahi tēnei ara matihiko mā te 72% mō ngā tikanga 2D tawhito (Pukapuka Pūkaha Mātai Paraihe 2023), ka taea ai te hononga māmā ki ngā mahi CNC.

Te Tiro Whakaroa me te Whakamātau Huinga ki ngā Taiao CAD

Ko ngā algorithim aunoa e tāroa ana i ngā huinga mātai maha-komiti kei roto i ngā meneti engari kāore i ngā rā. Ka whakamātau ngā kaiwhakauru i ngā taputapu whakangungu, ngā huarahi totohu tu, me ngā wāhi parirau whakamarokei ngā wā kotahi – ngā mahi i richia e ngā tauira takotoranga i mua.

Te Whakamātau Arataki-a-Taima hei Heke i ngā Hapa me ngā Mahi Anuanu

Ko ngā kōminga whakaritenga ora e tohu aunoa i ngā herenga herenga pakaru me ngā tarerenga venting i te wā o te hoahoa. Ko te urupare tūmatanui ka āwhina i te pupuri i ngā kona tuuturu ki runga ake i te tinihanga 1° puta noa i ngā wae kiri-kiore motuhake

Tākupu Whakarāpopotanga: Te Pepehi i te Mahi Tika Anō 40% Trūnga Whakamātau Matihiko i ngā Mātā Inu Aunoa

I pepehi tētahi kaiwhakarato rāwaho tuarua i ana utu mō te whakatikatika i ngā mātā inu pere, $840k ia tau i muri i te whakauru i te whakamātau mā te CAD. I pepehi tana aronga āhua tuatahi i ngā whākinga āhuahanga mai i ±0.3mm ki ±0.08mm, i te noho tonu i ngā mata Class A (Whakaputanga Māngai Aunoa 2024).

Te Whakanui ake i te Mahi o te Mātā mā te Tauira Iharaira Kī, Hūmā, me te Warpage

Tātari Iharaira Mātā: Te Tātari i ngā Ngārau Kī me te Raraunga Tohatoha Kirima

Ko ngā tauira matatau e tauira ana i te whanonga o te polymer i te wā o te kī i te takotoranga, e tātari ana i te haerenga aha o te tinana kī me ngā toharite kirima. Ka whakapai ake ngā mātai inu i te wāhi o ngā karu kī kia kaua ai he pūpahi hau ka whakapau kia ū ano te tohatoha o te matēria. Ko ngā hoahoa e arataki ana te tauira e pepehi ana i ngā herenga e hāngai ana ki te kī i te nuinga o te 60% mōhio atu ki ngā tikanga whakamātau (Materials and Design 2013).

Te Tauira i te Warpage me te Tōkiri kia Whakapai ake i te Kounga o te Wae

Ko te tātari ā-hiko mō te whakaroa i te matū o te matērihi me te kore āhua o te hūmata he take matua mō te kore pūmahara o ngā wāhanga kua pakaru. Kaitekau pea ngā utauta pērā i te pēhi tahumaero (85% o te pēhi whakauru) me te pāwhara mata (40-45°C) e 25% te iti ake o te paku rahi i ngā tono motokā, kātahi ka whakaatu i te rangahau whai whāinga maha.

Whakanuitia te Pūnaha Hūmata hei Iti i ngā Wā Kawenga me te Pere Māngai

Mā ngā ara hūmata āhuatanga e āki ana e te hangarongo tāpoi ka hangaia ngā mata e ū ana ki te wāhi wātea, ka iti ai ngā wā hūmata 30%, i te wā e aukati ana i te whakaroa e te māngai ai. I whakaatuia e ngā whakaurunga hou kua iti ake ngā wā kawenga 22 hēkona ia wāhanga i te whakaputa haumarutia o ngā taputapu hauora, ina kaua e pakaru te pono o te āhua.

Te Aronga Hou: Te Kupiki AI hei Āwhina i te Tātari mō ngā Āhua Matapo o ngā Mata Whakauru

Ko ngā algorithim mātauranga māhine inaianei e whakauru hākinakina arataki i roto i ngā hanganga takirua me ngā rīwhi paku ki te 92% tika, ka taea ai ngā hoahoa tuatahi-ki-te-tika mō ngā wae tapa 0.2mm. Ka whakapai ake tonu ēnei punaha truwh through te whakauru raraunga mai i ngā tauākī takotoranga o mua.

Te Taurite i te Whakamātau Kupiko me te Whakamātau Matatoko: Te Whakatika i ngā Mōrearea Raru

Ahakoa ka aukati ngā kupikorangi i te 70% o ngā hara e taea ana, e tohe ana ngā taumata tūmatanui kia whakamātau matatoko mō ngā wae nui e here ana ki te ±0.01mm me ngā matērihia kua whakakahaia ki te tarau kārurenga e kore e ū ana ki te wehe. I te rangahau a te tau 2024, i kitea ko ngā tīma e whakamahi ana i ngā tikanga paraire ka tino pai ake te 40% i ngā mahinga kupikorangi anake.

Ngā Mahi Kua Kotahi te Rautaki i waenganui i te CAD me te Kupikorangi mō te Hōpuni Whanaketanga Otinga

Te Neke Raraunga Māmā I waenganui i te CAD me te CAE i te Hoahoa Rīwhi Ineke

Kua whakakorekorengia ngā hapa whakamaori ā-ringa i te urupare takirua o ngā raraunga i waenganui i ngā tauira 3D CAD me ngā taputapu CAE. Kātahi ka ripoata ngā kaihanga matua mō ngā wāhi e 29% tere ake ina whakamahia ana ngā hōputa kōnae whai whakaoranga pērā i STEP, ki te Parasolid mō ngā tuku āhuatanga core/cavity. Kua tiakina tēnei whakawhitinga kia ū tonu ai ngā mahere arataki mātātoko me ngā tūnga karu i runga i ngā wā phase mō te whakaaetanga hoahoa.

Te hono i te CAD ki te CAM me te CAE mō ngā Rerekē Matihiko Kotahi

Ko ngā kaihanga mātai hou ēnei rā e huinga ana i ō rātou CAD tauira me ngā ara taputapu CAM, me ērā anō hākinakina CAE katoa roto i tētahi aronga matihiko kotahi. E ai ki te rangahau i tūhuratia tau ki muri, i kitea e ngā kamupene i whai tēnei takotoranga kotahi i te 37 iti ake pea ngā whakaritenga mātai i te wā o te whakamātau i te āhua i ngā kamupene i tuhono ana ki ngā pūnaha pūtaiao wehe. Ina whakarerekētia e tētahi te pāwera o ngā inenga pakitara, ka mahi te pūnaha i ngā whakahoutanga ki ngā whirihoranga tohu me te tātari i ngā ara whakamaroke, nō reira ka noho tahi te hoahoa ki te whakaputa, kaore he hui hoki mātātoko.

Hokiwhiringa Kati Mā te Whakamahi i ngā Māramatanga Tauira hei Whakapakari i ngā Hoahoa Mātai

Ko ngā kaihanga mātau e whakamahi ana i ngā pātene ā-tātai pūkana AI hei whakapiri i ngā tauwhitinga pakaru mōrearea ki ngā hua o te whakaputa. Ka taea e tēnei horoka hoki te tautohe atamira i ngā rāwekenga weteri, i ngā tohu tango rānei ki ngā tauira CAD, ka waihangatia ai ngā hoahoa matapihi e whakaotihia ake anō. Ka taea e ngā raraunga māmāwhiri mai i ngā rere kua pāhua nei te whai mōhio ki ngā whai mōhio kē atu mō ngā ara whakamaroke, kāore he tāwhai takotoranga.

He Tauā: Te Whakauru Ki Ngā Pātene Tūhuratanga Tahi Mō Ngā Panonitanga Hoahoa I Te Wā Nekehia

I te mahi ki ngā taiao whakaata tahi, ka taea e ngā kaipūkaha te titiro ki te rere o te kirihou, te tirotiro i ngā taumahatanga hanganga, me te aroturuki i te makariri i a rātou e noho tonu ana i roto i tō rātou pūmanawa CAD. I whakaitihia e tētahi kaiwhakanao wāhanga motokā nui te wā whanaketanga e 22 ōrau i muri i te tīmatanga o te whakamahi i te tirohanga o te rere o te pokepokea ai e mahi ana i te wā tūturu. Na tēnei i āhei ai te rōpū pūkaha ki te whakarerekē i ngā tūnga o te kuwaha i waenganui tonu o ngā whakaata whakakii mariko. Ka āwhina hoki te pūnaha ki te hopu i ngā raruraru i te wā ka huri tētahi i ngā raina wehe i te āhua o te āhuahanga, e tohu ana i ngā raruraru ki ngā koki whakairo, ina nui rawa rānei te tere o te whakairo mō te mahi haumaru. Ko ēnei momo whakatūpato ka whakaora i ngā haora o te whakamuri i muri mai i te whakamahere production.

Te whakatere i te wā ki te mākete mā te whakamahinga anō o te hoahoa, te hanga tauira, me te DFM

Te Whakatere i te Hanga me te Whakamahia Tērā o te Hoahoa CAD i roto i te Whakaputa Nui

Ko ngā pūtahitanga CAD paramita e āwhina ana i te wehe i ngā wāhanga whanaketanga 30-50% mō te hua haangai. Ka whakamahia anō e ngā kaihanga ngā hoahoa takotoranga, ngā punaha tango, me ngā tohu whakamaroke i roto i ngā whānau hua, kaiteka ai ngā mahi inihua. I āwhina tēnei ara i tētahi kaiwhakarato motuka ki te whakapaipai 80% o ōna waahanga turanga mātā, kaiteka ai i te whanaketanga taputapu hou mai i te 14 ki te 8 wiki.

Te Hanga Tūhuratanga Marino me te Whanaketanga Whaiaro mā te Whakamahi i te CAD me te Whakamātau

Ka whakatika te hanga tūhuratanga marino i te 90% o ngā haronga hoahoa i mua i te timata o te taputapu matū. Ka whakamātia ngā takotoranga karu mā te whakamātau rere, ka whakamātau hoki i ngā tikanga tango mā ngā tūhuratanga nekeneke ki ngā taiao CAD. I te 65% te penenga i ngā whakamātautau tūhuratanga e tata ana tētahi kaihanga umanga paerewa mā te whakamahi i tēnei aronga twin marino, ka huritao ake te wā ki te tau ki te maakete mō ngā mātā huinga herenga herenga.

Te Hoahoa mō te Tino Whanaketanga (DFM) i te Pū Mātauranga Marino me te Whakapae

Kāore e 40% o ngā whakarerekenga taputapu e puta ana i te wā tuatahi mā te tautoheke i ngā rāwekenga pēra i te tōtika, te nekeneke o ngā pāpā, me ngā wero tango whenua i te wā o te hoahoa. Ka tautoheke aunoa ngā punaha CAD matua i ngā koki tuarangi, ā, ka whakaatu i ngā tauwāhanga pūpahi e hāngai ana ki te raraunga totohu o te matērahi. E whakaatu ana te tātari a te ahumārahi, ko te whakamahi i ngā kaupapa DFM e iti ai ngā wāhi whanaketanga 20% ki te 30%.

Te Tauira Piriti mō te Whakahaerenga Tīmatanga me te Whakarewa i te Whanaketanga Kainoho

Kua whai kiko ngā taputapu CAD arataki mātātoko ki te whakapai ake i ngā tātaitanga karu me ngā tūranga ara whakamarie i roto i ngā hāora 2-3, i te nuinga o ngā tikanga ā-ringaringa e toru rā. Ka tautoheke aunoa ēnei tauira piriti ki ngā panoni āhua o ngā wāhanga, ka tiaki i te kauwhau tāwhai, kei te iti haumanu ai ngā wāhi wā. I tētahi kaupapa hōhipera hou, i piki ake te tere whakamarie 22% mā ngā ara āhuatanga hangarua e AI e whakamanatia ana i te whakamātau.

Ko te tikanga kuhu he tohu pūkenga mō ngā kaihanga ina tāwhai ana i ērā wā poto mō te whakatupeka hua. Kei te āhua pakaru anō ngā kaihanga i ēnei rā, me te toru hau e waru o rātou e kī ana ko ngā kiritaki e hiahiatia ana ngā taputapu ki te tere ake i te 30% tērā i te arataki i te tau 2020. Tukuna ki te tauira te hanga māmātanga pūrere rongoā. Ina ka tīmata ngā kamupene ki te titiro ki te hoahoa mō te hanga (DFM) i te tīmatanga, ka tīmata rātou ki te whakawātea i te nuinga o ngā raruraru e tū mai ana i muri. I tētahi take takitahi, i tīmata ngā timatanga ki te whakatika i te nuinga o ngā raru e taea ana i mua i te tīmatanga i te hanga i ngā taputapu. I taea e rātou te whakatika i te 92% o ngā raru e taea ana i te tīmatanga tonu, e penapena ana i te wā me te moni i te roanga o te wā.