Kev Tso Zib los yog 3D Siv Hauv Paub: Tus Twg Zoo dua rau koj tus khoom?

Keeb Tshuab Ntxig Yog Li Cas Thiab Qhov Chaw Ua Tau Zoo

Keeb tshuab ntxig yog dabtsi thiab nws ua haujlwm li cas?

Kev txhaj tshuaj molding ua haujlwm los ntawm kev thawb cov ntaub ntawv melted, feem ntau yog cov thermoplastics tab sis qee zaum hlau ib yam nkaus, rau hauv cov pwm tshwj xeeb hauv qab siab heev. Raws li tsab ntawv ceeb toom ntawd los ntawm 2024 ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, muaj plaub theem tseem ceeb cuam tshuam. Ua ntej los melting raw khoom kom txog rau thaum nws npaj txhij ua hauj lwm nrog. Tom qab ntawd los txog qhov kev txhaj tshuaj tiag tiag uas qhov kev ntxhov siab tuaj yeem ncav cuag ntawm 10 txhiab thiab 20 txhiab phaus ib square inch. Tom qab ntawd, txhua yam xav tau lub sijhawm kom txias kom zoo, uas yuav siv sijhawm li 5 vib nas this mus txog ib nrab feeb nyob ntawm seb hom polymer peb tab tom cuam tshuam nrog. Thaum kawg, ib zaug ib feem tau hardened txaus, tshuab cia li pop nws tawm ntawm pwm. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov txheej txheem no yog qhov tseeb npaum li cas nws tau txais. Qee qhov chaw tuaj nrog qhov ntev kom meej lawv tsuas yog sib txawv ntawm qhov ntxiv lossis rho tawm 0.005 ntiv tes. Qhov theem ntawm qhov sib xws ua rau kev txhaj tshuaj molding zoo rau cov khoom xws li lub tsheb qhov chaw uas yuav tsum tau ua kom haum ua ke raws nraim, lossis cov thoob me me uas siv hauv cov koob txhaj tshuaj kho mob qhov twg txawm tias qhov sib txawv me me tseem ceeb heev.

Kev tsim khoom ntau thiab muaj kev cuam tshwm zoo tib yam li cas los

Thaum pib los txuag ntau yam khoom lag luam plastic ntau, qhov kev tsim khoom los ntawm kev ntxig khoom muaj zog. Cov chais lag luam tuaj yeem tsim tau ntau dua 1,000 lub khoom ib teev, nyiaj txiag tsawg dua 10 cents ib lub thaum tsim cov chav ntau tshaj 10,000 lub. Ib tug rap lus tshiab los ntawm Plastics Industry Association pom ib yam no zoo: kev tsim khoom los ntawm kev ntxig khoom muaj zog yog li cuam tshuam ntau dua 93% kom compared to 3D printing methods thaum hais txog kev tsim khoom ntau. Qhov zoo dua yog tias tag nrho yuav zoo ib yam thiab zoo txaus siab hauv txhua qhov kev tsim khoom, uas muaj qhov hlo sib npaug nrog 99.8% accuracy hauv txhua chav. Vim leej twg muaj qhov zoo meej? Chais tshwj tsis no muaj cov system khoob tswj uas tso cai rau kev kho tshwm sim hauv degrees heat plus or minus ib degree Celsius thiab pressure adjustments hauv 50 pounds per square inch thaum tsim khoom. Cov kev hloov meej no tshwm sim raws automatic hauv kev tsim khoom, uas txhais tau tias txhua lub khoom tsim los yuav zoo ib yam li lub dhau los.

Zaj thawj tshuab, kev nyob ntev, thiab qhov chaw nruab ntawm cov khoom tsim los

Cov khoom tsim los feem ntau muaj kev ceev ntxig zoo dua li lwm txoj hauv kev tsim kho. Cov duab tshwj xeeb xws li PEEK, ABS, thiab polycarbonate tuaj yeem muaj kev ceev ntxig txog 15,000 psi, uas yog nyob rau 40% zoo dua li cov khoom 3D tsim tshwj xyuas. Qhov ua rau kev tsim los sib txawv yog tias txoj kev tsim no ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv kev ntxuav siab kom cov kab ntsug tshwm sim sai. Qhov no pab tau rau cov chaw nruab nrog qhov smooth heev txog Ra 0.8 microns, ib yam li qhov mirror, thiab tsis tas ua kom smooth ntxiv. Thaum saib rau qhov chaw ua haujlwm nyob rau qhov kub siab, cov duab fluoropolymer uas tsim los tau muaj kev nyob ntev zoo. Lawv nyob zoo tom qab nyob rau hauv huab cua ntau tshaj 500 teev raws standards ASTM, pab pom tias lawv tuaj yeem tso tseg nrog cov duab kim tsis raug.

Ntau yam khoom siv rau kev tsim kho, lub sijhawm tshuav ntxiv, thiab lwm yam khoom tshiab uas yuav tsum xav

Cov ntaub ntawv rau kev tsim kho cov kab raij feem ntau nyob hauv qhov 8,000 los 60,000 dola, thiab nyob hauv qhov 8 mus rau 14 lub hlis. Vim tias muaj cov teeb meem no, ntau tamsim li cas li ib cheeb tsam tsuas yog khiav mus rau qhov kev lej no thaum lawv xav txog lub neej ntawm kev tsim kho dua li 3 xyoo. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Machinery Today hais tias nyob hauv xyoo 2024, muaj ib cheeb tsam ntawm 3 hauv 4 tus neeg tsim kho khoom xav tias qhov no yog yooj yim tshaj plaws rau lawv kev tsim kho. Tom qab ntawv, cov kab raij aluminum zoo rau kev tsim kho ib co khoom, piv txwv li nyob hauv qhov 5,000 mus rau 50,000 chav. Lawv tuaj yeem sau cov ntaub ntawv kho tshuaj los ntawm 35% kom compared to steel, thiab tuaj yeem sau lub sijhawm tsim kho tag 50%. Ntau tamsim pom tias qhov kev raug zoo no yooj yim heev thaum lawv xav kom dhau lub budget thaum kawg kuj tseem pab tau kev xav tau.

Kos ntawv ib chav nyob hauv qhov loj: kev sau kos tom qab rov qab thaum pib ntau

Rau cov lej uas muaj ib txhais tshaj 100,000 chav, kev ntxhua rau hauv qhov chaw ntxhuam yuav txo tus nqi rau ib cheeb tsam los ntawm 80—92% kom compared to 3D printing. Lub thawj qhia qhia tus nqi pom tseeb:

• $120,000 tus nqi pib rau kev tsim kho
• $0.09 tus nqi khoom siv rau ib chav
• 12-second cycle time

Qhov no yuav tshwm sim tus nqi thaum kawg ntawm $1.23 rau ib cheeb tsam nyob rau 500,000 chav—72% tsis txaus li SLS nylon printing. Lub nqij sib npaug ntawm 3D printing thiab injection molding feem ntau tshwm nyob saum raj yog 1,000 thiab 5,000 chav, nyob ntawm qhov tsim kho thiab kev tsim kho.

3D Printing Advantages: Speed, Flexibility, and Low-Volume Production

Kev leej coj thiab kev pab rau kev tsim kho zoo tshaj plaws tsis tas tooling

Qhia tias tuaj yeem sau ua ob sab thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb rau cov neeg tsim kho tshiab uas lawv tsis tau muaj dhau los, vim tias nws tsim tawm cov khoom los ntawm computer files tsim los ntawm txoj hlua, yog li tsis tas tshuab ntau rau cov duv khoom loj. Cov duv injection molding muaj ntau yam yooj yim xws li yuav tsum muaj cov ruag thiab cov kab uas muaj qhov hnyav zoo ib yam. Tab sis nrog additive manufacturing, tus neeg tsim kho tuaj yeem tsim cov chaw empty hauv, daim duab tshaib tshaib, thiab cov rooj sib txawv hauv uas tsis tuaj yeem ua tau ntxiv. Txhawm rau xyuas kom paub meej los ntawm Wevolver pub dhau los xyoo no, cov neeg ua haujlwm uas hlo li 3D printed prototypes thiaj li pom qhov kev pab hloov dua saum npaum li 40% feem hnub ntxig tshaj qhov kev tsim kho tsha tsha. Qhov kev nyab xeeb no tuaj yeem pab ntau rau kev pab kho tshiab khoom ntev dua.

Kev tsim kho tshiab ntev thiab kev pab kho tshiab rau kev nce siab dua

Tus txheej txheem no tseem pab txhim kho kev tsim kho lag luam ntau, txhajtsi lub sijhawm uas yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm rau ib co hnub mus rau ib co teev. Tus neeg tsim kho kuj tuaj yeem tsim thiab sim ntau qhov kev xaiv tsim kho nyob ib hnub li cas li, uas tsis tuaj yeem tau ua ntxiv rau thaum ua haujlwm los ntawm kev sau nrog tshuab ntxuav ntxuav. Cov chais tshuab muag tau hais tias lawv tau txo lub sijhawm ntxiv rau thib ob hlis tom qab siv kev tsim kho 3D rau hauv kev tsim kho.

Kev tsim kho me me rau luv luv tsis tas tau sau nrog tshuab

Rau kev tsim kho tawm ntawm qhov tsawg dua 10,000 chav, kev sau npe 3D tuaj yeem tso caij rau tus nqi $10,000—$100,000 uas yuav tsum tau them rau kev tsim kho cov ntaub ntawv xaum. Qhov no pab tiv thaiv tus nqi rau kev daws kom meej nyob hauv market, cov khoom tsawg, thiab kev sib txuas nyob saum cheeb tsam. Piv txwv li, cov chaw pib kev pab cuam kho mob yog kev siv kev sau npe 3D los tsim kho cov khoom siv rau kev ua plua plav zoo li ib tug neeg nyob hauv 30% tus nqi tsawg dua tab sis tsis muab caij qhov kub siab ntawm cov khoom siv.

Kev rov qab los ntev tas tas thiab lwm qhov yuav tau sov rau cov khoom xav tau nyob ze thiab cov khoom tsim tshiab

Kev tsim kho khoom los ntawm kev ntxiv khoom tuaj yeem muab cov khoom tiav los ntawm 24—72 teev, tso caij qhov sijhawm 8—12 lub hlis uas feem ntau nyob nrog kev tsim kho cov ntaub ntawv xaum. Qhov kev rov qab no pab tiv thaiv kev tsim kho khoom nyob ze thaum xav tau thiab muab cov khoom tsim tshiab los ntev tas tas. Ib tug neeg muag khoom rau cheeb tsam fab ntuj tau suav qhov sijhawm xa khoom tua los ntawm 14 lub hlis mus rau 3 hnub los ntawm kev siv kev tsim kho khoom 3D nyob deb nraug nruab nrab.

Qhov kev ua haujlwm: Kev Tsim Khoom Los ntawm Kev Ntxiv Khoom Vs Kev Tsim Khoom Los ntawm Kev Thim Khoom

kev tsim 3D ua ntau yam ib cheeb laub los ntawm kev siv cov khoom zoo li plastik lossis dej nkhaus, uas pab tau tsim tib neeg tsim tsoom rau kev tsim kho tshiab. Xav txog kev tsim kho injection molding, uas muaj plastik hlwb hluv uas sau hauv khaub ncaws tsaj lossis aluminum nyob rau hauv siab nyob rau sab nraud kom tsim tau ntau yam tshuab zoo ib yam. Qhov sib txawv loj tshaj plua pluas yog tias cov chais tsim 3D tuaj yeem tsim cov cuab yeej zoo tshaj thiab cov duab tshiab tshiab, thaum injection molding xav tau cov khaub ncaws tsis hlo tawm, uas tsis tuaj yeem hlo tawm ntau, tab sis tso cai rau kev tsim tshuab zoo ib yam ib txoj. Kev tsim cov khaub ncaws no feem ntau xav tau CNC machining, uas khaws cov khoom tsis txhob ntxuav, thiab qhov kev tsim no feem ntau nyuaj dua thiab muaj ntau nqi dua kev tsim 3D uas tsim nyob rau hauv digital tag nrho qhov chaw.

Kev tsim kho thiab qhov yooj yim hneev nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho

• Cov kev ceev nyob rau hauv Injection Molding : Yuav tsum muaj qhov nqaj (1—3°), lub thickness ntawm kab tuab zoo ib yam (0.5—4 mm), thiab tsawg kawg qhov chaw nyiag siab kom txo qhov tw txwm lossis qhov tshav tshaj tshwm sim.
• 3D Qhia Tsis Muaj Chaw : Thaiv tus cwj pwm tawm ntawm qhov nqaj, pab tau kev sib txawv ntawm kab tuab thickness, thiab pab suav ntau qhov chaw los ua ib qhov chaw.
  Piv txwv li, kev ntxig taws muaj teeb meem nrog cov rooj saum toj nruab ntoo tshaj 0.5 mm, thaum 3D qhia tuaj yeem pheej xim mus rau 0.1 mm, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov khoom siv hluv hlau leeg.

Qhov Siv Ntawm Saum, Qhov Txawj, thiab Qhov Yeej Siv Tom Qab

Zib uas tsim los los ntawm kev ntxuav nrog dej sov feem ntau tuaj nrog qhov siv hauv zos li 0.8 mus rau 1.6 micrometers Ra, uas yog qhov tshwm sim zoo ib yam li peb pom los ntawm kev tsim kho. Tab sis thaum peb saib xyuas cov khoom uas tsim los ntawm kev sau ntawv 3D, cov leej no pheej tseem ceev dua, muaj leej li 3.2 mus rau 12.5 micrometers Ra. Ntau qhov tshuaj no yuav xav tau kev kho tom qab los ntawm kev rub lossis kev siv txuj ci ntaim yog tias yuav siv rau qhov chaw uas qhov kev saib luaj li cas yog tseem ceeb. Txij li cas los xij, muaj ib qhov chaw uas kev sau ntawv 3D zoo heev. Rau cov kab ntsug nyiag uas tsim kho feem ntau nyuaj nrog, cov chak tso ntawv 3D tuaj yeem tsim tau qhov ntev meej tshaj. Peb hais txog qhov ntev ntawm plus lossis minus 0.1 mm kom rau rau qhov 0.3 mm thaum siv cov kev tsim kho tsha yim. Qhov no ua rau kev sau ntawv 3D yooj yim rau kev tsim kho cov duab paub uas qhov ntev tsis tuaj yeem txwv.

Cov khoom siv thiab cov cai tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom ti-jp

Kev tsim kho rau kev tso ntau (e.g., glass-filled or flame-retardant grades) rau kev siv hluas nyob hauv cheeb tsam, thaum 3D printing muaj resins uas tsim nyog rau kev tshawb fawv yeej tshuaj thiab kev tsim kho ntau yam khoom siv ntau ntawm xov tooj.

Thaj tsam tsim kho thiab kev suav nqi pib txhob loss

KeV suav nqi nyiaj txiag: Thaj tsam leeg vs Thaj tsam loj

Thaum tsim kho tiv thaiv rau qhov chaw ntau, tus nqi tuaj yeem zoo li nyuaj. Tus nqi txog ib chav hloov siab dua, nyob rau hov 60 mus rau 80% thaum kws tshaj tsham tsim kho ntau tshaj 10,000 pieces raws li cov ntaub ntawv Finale Inventory los ntawm xyoo npog. Nyob twg, pib nrog plastic injection molding muaj kev xeej nqe ntau rau lub mold, feem ntau yog tib neeg muaj nqe 10,000 mus rau 100,000 dollars lossis ntau tshaj. Tab sis thaum kawm loj, tag nrho cov nqi pib no raug sib sau ua ke rau hov thousands of units, uas ua rau txoj kev no yooj yim rau cov khoom uas khiav tau zoo thiab muaj kev xav tau zoo. Tom qab ntawv, yog tias ib tug neeg xav tau ib co samples lossis xav tsim something nrog qhov tsawg, piv txwv ntawm saum 500 items, ces 3D printing tuaj yeem zoo dua. Nws tseem ceeb kom ncua rau qhov kev tsim kho mold. Ib co kev suav sau tias kev siv 3D printing tuaj yeem khaws nqi txog 90% vim li cas ntxiv rau kev tsim kho tshwj tsis.

Thaum Twg Xaiv Kev Sau 3D Txhawm Rau Kev Xav Tau Thiab Kev Tso Siab

Xaiv kev sau ntxiv thaum:

• Khiav tshiab cov qauv tsis muaj nyob hauv kev xav tau uas xav tau kev hloov tam sim
• Tshuaj tshuaj tsawg dua 1,000 chav nyob ib xyoo nrog cov caij nyoog hloov tshaug
• Tshuaj cov duab ntau uas yuav tsum tau siv cov ntaub ntawv muaj nuj nqaij ntau

Hauv orthopedics, piv txwv li, cov kws khiav tshiab siv kev sau 3D los tshuaj cov duab khoom siv rau neeg siv tshuaj nyob hauv qhov FDA muab tso rau saib xyuas ua ntej rov qab mus rau kev sau khoom los tshuaj ntau dua.

Thaum Kev Sau Khoom Los Tshuaj Yog Daim Teb Zoo Tshaj Rau Cov Chav Loj

Hloov mus rau kev sau khoom los tshuaj thaum:

• Kev xav tau ib xyoo loj dua 5,000 chav
• Cov nuj nqaij tshwj xeeb zoo ib yam ntawm tag nrho cov chav yog qhov tseem ceeb
• Yeej tshaj ib shoo (ntawm 2 xyoo) yog xav tau tom qab sau ua rooj

Cov neeg muag khoom siv los ntawm cheev fab pom 40% ntau dua kev sau ua rooj rau kev tsim kho tshuab tua kab tuab hluas li 20,000 annually, raws li cov tshuaj xyuas 2024.

Kawm txog qhov chaw twg thaum pib muaj zog rau kev xaiv kev tsim kho

Siv no formula kom pom qhov yooj yim tshaj rau kev hloov chaw tsim kho:

Qhov Chaw Twg Thaum Pib Muaj Zog = (Ntau Nqi Sau Ua Roob Injection) / (Ntau Nqi Sau Rau Ib Yam — Ntau Nqi Sau Rau Ib Yam Ua Los Daim)

Ib qhov vam meej ntawm 2023 soj ntsuam tias kev sib piv lub gear plastic ABS pom qhov chaw twg thaum pib muaj zog nyob rau 1,150 yam—hauv qab uas kev sau ua rooj yog nyob rau qhov yooj yim dua, thiab saum uas kev sau ua daim nyiaj ruaj nyob rau $14.72 rau ib yam. Tom qab ntawv, nrhiav kom pom qhov sijhawm: kev sau ua rooj tsis tas sau rooj pheej tau pib hauv ib shoo, tab sis kev sau rooj tsim dau nyob rau 8—12 xyoo.